For first basemen, assists are counted but not putouts, which are considered to be not meaningful in most cases, resulting in the anomaly that the first baseman fielding the ball and throwing it to the pitcher covering first is rated more highly than the first baseman who fields the ball and runs to the bag himself. Later James acknowledged that Range Factor could not adequately capture the fielding performance of pitchers, catchers, and first basemen. For example. [fn]Personal communication with Vince Gennaro. If a fielder makes a play on a ball in a zone hes not responsible for, hes credited, but the form of credit varies according to the system of Zone Rating, that of STATS or that of BIS. Many voters have a strong statistical background; others do not. Double plays by individual fielders were added as an official stat in 1922. Oer the errors of the past. A Batted Ball Event represents any batted ball that The Longhorns also averaged a program record 6,918 fans in attendance at home last season, the fifth-highest average attendance in the country. [/fn] Soon thereafter, Dewan left STATS and eventually developed Revised Zone Rating, Plus/Minus, and Defensive Runs Saved. But Howard ranked only fiftieth in the major leagues in Total Runs; in fact, three teammates, Utley, Jimmy Rollins, and Shane Victorino, all had more Total Runs than Howard did. the ERA scale, A measurement of a player's top running speed, expressed SM%: % of total pitches that are swings and misses. The first proposals to reassess fielding statistics involved adjustments to the defensive statistical categories that have existed since 1876. As baseball historian John Thorn notes, Fielding skill was still the most highly sought after attribute of a ball player.[fn]Alan Schwarz, The Numbers Game: Baseballs Lifelong Fascination with Statistics (New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2004), 9.[/fn]. From 2008 to 2009, for example, the Tampa Bay Rays went from worst to first in DER and from worst to first in the American League East standings. Addie Joss first said that, in 1906, according to Bill James, who adds that, when Joss was criticized for it, he tried to explain that he meant that pitching was 90 percent of defense. [fn]Ibid., 199209. That is, he made 33 more plays than the average shortstop. [fn]Ibid., 16165.[/fn]. [/fn], James agrees with Kingston that a major limitation of the effectiveness of defensive metrics is that our confidence in them is shaky. In 1954, Allan Roth and Branch Rickey, at that time general manager of the Pittsburgh Pirates, developed an efficiency formula for quantifying run-creation and run-prevention performance. Probabilistic Model of Range. The match between Jamess Win Shares defensive values and Pete Palmers Fielding Runs was only about 50 to 60 percent, whereas their different methods for arriving at runs created gets essentially the same answers, according to James, about 99 percent of the time. To avoid the stony strife. FPCT= \frac {Putouts + Assists} {Putouts + Assists + Errors} The defensive statistics, he said, I still really dont understand how some of those statistics are evaluated, I really dont. Escape Velocity takes the average of a player's batted ball velocities subtracted from 88. How high/low, in degrees, a ball was hit by a batter. Doug Glanville in his new baseball memoir notes that many players, rewarded with huge contracts because of their offensive prowess, . Revised Zone Rating is simply a percentage of the balls fielded successfully in a players zone; it lists Out of Zone plays separately. A casual fan (or even the fan who understands sabermetrics, for that matter) would not be able to figure this out simply from watching a live game. Conversely, in 2005, Derek Jeter had a Plus/Minus of 34, despite his Gold Gloves and his reputation for making web-gem plays. FLB%: % of batted balls hit in the air. [fn]John Dewan, The Fielding Bible, Volume II (Skokie, Ill.: ACTA Sports, 2009), 114. Errors didnt figure into it at all. Many of these metrics measure very specific observations (ability to field balls to his right, ability to handle bunts, etc.). A much more talented player could have a lower fielding % because he has much greater range and actually can get to balls an average HS player can not make a play on. What Im most curious about in 2010 is how much better were going to be defensively, Bill James, who works as special advisor on baseball operations for the Red Sox, said earlier this year, during the offseason. Jump is a Statcast metric that shows which players have Some baseball analysts have found DA to be useful, but it has not been adopted across the industry to the degree that the various flavors of ZR have. How fast, in miles per hour, a ball was hit by a batter. [/fn] From 2003 through 2008, Albert Pujols and Mark Teixeira had the best Enhanced Plus/ Minus at first; Mike Jacobs and Richie Sexson had the worst. [/fn] Its true that a given Gold Glove winner is likely to have already been more high-profile than the average playerto play for a winning team, to have been selected to the All-Star Game, to have won the Gold Glove previouslyand this raises the question whether voting is biased against the player who arguably was the better fielder but lacks marquee status. outfield. For the metrics to be routinely tracked and updated on a daily basis for the benefit of the general public, however, the conventions of scorekeeping would have to undergo radical revision. Rickey was resigned to the idea that there is nothing on earth anyone can do with fielding.[fn]John Thorn, Pete Palmer, and Michael Gershman, eds., Total Baseball, 7th ed. Roughly, its an inverse of batting average (roughly in that neither strikeouts nor home runs affect DER). James adjusted for these wrinkles in Relative Range Factor (RRF), which he introduced in a chapter in The Fielding Bible, twenty years after his original article on plain Range Factor. They divide the field into zones. Full-year historical Major League statistics provided by Pete Palmer and Gary Gillette of Hidden Game Sports. What is the positional adjustment? Though they err and err again. [fn]Dewan, Fielding Bible, 217. He thus had 28.02 expected errors. Players attempt to catch a fly ball or popup and it drops between them. In 2003, Retrosheet began recording more-specific play-by-play data. [fn]Baseball Info Solutions and Bill James, The Bill James Handbook 2010. [fn]Ibid., 22728. Everyone understands that the basis for selection is ultimately subjective. Outfielders get a separate score for their throwing arms. Down the years in proud parade, Another major limitation of advanced defensive metrics is their inaccessibility to the general public, or average fan, and in some cases even to decision makers in front offices. Alyssa . The Sun Devils are 3-0 in one-run games this season, a notable tally as ASU went just 1-7 in one-score games last season. Speeds of batted balls are classified as soft, medium, or hard. "Depth" is from home plate, in feet. Use without license or authorization is expressly prohibited. It is just that, the larger the sample, the less the percentage of plays that UZR get wrong. [fn]Bill James, interview with C. Trent Rosecrans, Talking with Bill James: Part 1, 19 March 2010, Cincinnati Sports Journalism, cnati.com.[/fn]. The field is divided into zones that are assigned to positions. [fn]Steve Somer, Defensive Projections, Take 2, Play a Hard Nine, 21 November 1009, http://playahardnine.wordpress.com. Through games March 2, 2023. Judgment calls based on seeing, on empirical evidence, do count for something, as any scout will tell you, and when joined to statistical analysis the two modes of evaluation taken together may produce a higher confidence level than either of them taken only by themselves. Phillies (24th, 1.4 WAR) With Bryce Harper undergoing Tommy John surgery and likely to miss the first half of the season, the spotlight is again on Nick Castellanos, whose performance in the first year of his five-year, $100 million deal was downright dreadful. In practice the pitcher who leads in fielding percentage is the pitcher who handles the most total chances without an error (percentage: 1.000) In order to qualify for major league career records for fielding average, a player must appear in 1000 games at the position; pitchers must have at least 1500 innings. But is a player who scores +5 in Plus/Minus in the course of a single week really having a better defensive week than the player who scores 5? It does not adjust for team defense. After this breakdown, there are two specific splits: distance (in feet) and direction (indicated by a vector). If the ball goes between the first baseman and second baseman for a hit, does this count as a missed opportunity for the first baseman, the second baseman, both, or neither? ASU had four fielders in the Top-30 in fielding percentage in the Pac-12 last year (min. Types are classified as groundball, liner, fly ball, fliner (balls considered halfway between a fly ball and line drive), or bunt. Individual Conference Pitching Statistics # Player ERA WHIP W-L APP-GS CG SHO SV IP H R ER BB SO 2B 3B HR AB B/AVG WP HBP BK SFA SHA Bio Link; Totals: 0.00: NaN: 0-0: 0-0: 0: 0: 0: 0.0: 0 I know whats a normal gap between two seasons [offensively] and what isnt. The debate was captured, and the case for the reward-range doctrine nicely made, in a poem in a New York newspaper in 1917. Sabermetric scrutiny in general has been so abundant, however, that, whether or not fielding has been scrutinized less than pitching, its still been scrutinized a lotmore than a lot of people who take a professional interest in the subject can easily keep up with. League Year-By-Year Fielding--Averages. Runs Created is an estimation of how many runs a player generates on offense with his bat and basestealing ability. as Active Spin. Modify, Export & Share Table. So if the average left fielder makes a player 40% of the time on the ball in question and that batted ball (based on location, speed, etc) is worth 0.8 runs on average, fielding it cleanly. [fn]Ibid., 6367.[/fn]. If there are no play-by-play data (before 1956), the values are similar to an Adjusted Range Factor or a Relative Range Factor. Individual Conference Pitching Statistics # Player ERA WHIP W-L APP-GS CG SHO SV IP H R ER BB SO 2B 3B HR AB B/AVG WP HBP BK SFA SHA Bio Link; Totals: 0.00: NaN: 0-0: 0-0: 0: 0: 0: 0.0: 0 Even a few Hall of Famers. And the cunning pick their running BIS software enables the video scouts to simply click on the computer image of the field to plot the hit location. Tracking by Eyeballing. Softball at Rhode Island March 5, 2023 11:30 a.m. softball. Fielding percentage puts a fielder's number of putouts and assists in comparison to the total number of opportunities they've had for putouts and assists. Some high school data is courtesy David McWater. For the seasons for which they can be used, however, these metrics have proven to be more reliable indicators of a players fielding ability than are the box-scorebased metrics. Logos were compiled by the amazing SportsLogos.net. In contrast to the set of newer defensive metrics discussed up to this point are defensive metrics that involve zone charts and require the tracking of batted balls to the precise points where they land on the field. These metrics give results that conform well to our impression. There is not a separate award to the best in the AL and the best in the NLits only for the best in all of MLB. From his caughtstealing total, pitcher pickoffs are subtracted. When his offensive and defensive numbers are combined, he actually becomes the most valuable center fielder in the game last season. And in terror of an error [fn]Ibid., 1113. For historical data, this provides a better estimate than does plain Range Factor, although its still an estimate. First base has the highest average RC value, 99, and catcher has the lowest, 70. So James sets the Runs Saved value of each position equal to a value such that the sum of Runs Created and Runs Saved is equal for each position. For example, in 2009, Franklin Gutierrez generated about four more runs (wRAA from Fangraphs.com) than did the average hitter. . (James would later propose that defensive innings be recorded. Clubs that are using these or similar defensive metrics have good reason not to divulge the details of their search for undervalued fielding talent, but, at least around the edges of this discussion, a few are fairly forthcoming. [/fn] A variation on Range Factor, its based on the number of balls in play (other than home runs) while each fielder is at his position. In 2000, Omar started 154 games at shortstop for the Indians. [fn]William F. Kirk, Strolls Through Sportsville, New York Evening Journal. PMR adjusts for the direction of the hit, the type of hit, the speed of the batted ball, pitcher handedness, batter handedness, and park factors. A players Fielding Runs number is used to estimate his Fielding Wins, an estimate of the number of games a team won above or below what it would have won with an average fielder (with zero Fielding Runs) at the players position. Each Stolen Base Saved is worth .62 Defensive Runs for Stolen Bases Runs Saved. Its adjusted for the strikeout and groundball rates of the pitching staff and for the handedness of batters. For example, each hard fliner hit 350 feet at vector 180 (the vector representing straightaway center field) is compared only to other hard fliners hit 350 feet at vector 180. One fan-generated scouting source on defensive performance is the Fan Scouting Report collected by Tom Tango. Therefore, a pitcher with a 95 ERA- has a park-adjusted ERA 5 percentage points better than their league's ERA. A player is likely to get more opportunities if he plays on a team whose pitchers have a low strikeout rate. FIELDING BIBLE AWARDS: AN ALTERNATIVE TO THE GOLD GLOVE, Since 2006, a committee of baseball experts and close observers have been voting for the best player at each position for that season. Try again and win at last, It is well known that some positions are widely considered offensive positions or defensive positions. The trick is to know not only how to read the maps for what they are, a set of honest if not infallible data points, but how to read them with one eye while keeping the other one on the ball in flight as Franklin Gutierrez takes off to run it down. In The Fielding Bible, Volume II, John Dewan takes the defensive metrics in the first volume and translates them into runsinto runs saved, that is, or Defensive Runs Saved. The concept is the same as that of Zone Rating. The likelihood, in percent, that an outfielder will be For example, this link allows you to see the starting position of third basemen, in 2018, in all situations. In contrast to the tracking method of ZR, this method does not involve the assignation of zones to specific fielders. Rather than just account for the number of plays made, the Enhanced Plus/ Minus number indicates the number of bases saved. pitch. About Sharing Tools. MLB Team Fielding Stats 2022 How hard, in miles per hour, a pitch is thrown. Or, rather, is the converse still truethat the compensation to players whose glove is better than their bat is not commensurate with their true value? 3. . Antonyms for Fielding percentage. He has a .916 average fielding percentage in his minor league career. This tends to penalize a fielder who plays next to a fielder with poor range. Bermuda in Argentina T20I Series 2022/23 Player statistics . [/fn] The Tigers, Rays, and Yankees have all been rumored to use defensive stats. [/fn], Of all the advanced defensive metrics, only Total Zone has been consistently recorded for minor leaguers, since 2005. Most Catches; Most Run Outs . This page tracks fielding errors statistics. However, the average fan attending a game cant do the equivalent with advanced fielding statistics. Definition - What is Fielding Percentage? [fn]Albert Chen, Feel the Glove, Sports Illustrated, 1 March 2010. DEFENSIVE MISPLAYS AND GOOD FIELDING PLAYS. 2023 MLB Complete Stats - Fielding - CBSSports.com MLB Fielding Complete Stats Player Leaders Team Leaders Player Stats Team Stats Fantasy Stats Live Leaders MLB Fielding Regular Sorry, no. [/fn] In 1875, Al Wright, following a similar philosophy, took the sum of putouts and assists and divided that by gamesa metric that rewarded players for how often they got to a batted ball. [fn]www.tangotiger.net/scout[/fn] Its a reasonable way to double-check a players defensive ability as indicated by the metrics. She will concentrate on shortstop in 2023. It tracks only meaningful putouts and assistsfor example, when a second baseman fields a groundball and throws to first to retire the runner, the assist is considered meaningful, whereas the putout executed by a first baseman catching the thrown ball is not. Like Range Factor, Fielding Runs does not take into account the handedness of batters or how a pitching staffs strikeout and groundball rates affects how many opportunities a fielder gets. T20R covers statistics and player rankings for all Twenty20 cricket, domestic and international, men's and women's. Because of the location of the mound, the calculation of Plus/Minus for pitchers is similar to that of Plus/Minus for the middle infielders. This was among statistical categories that werent included in official records in the early days but that nonetheless were recorded in box scores, from which later researchers have reconstructed season totals. [fn]Peter Abraham, Calling Jamess Number: Stat Guru Senses New Defensive Focus, Boston Globe, 15 January 2010. In his Beadle guide following the 1872 season, fielding statistics did not include errors. As for fielding percentage, Henry Chadwick was not alone in thinking that range was more important than sure-handedness. This is an improvement on Zone Rating in that a 6-second fly ball, for example, is treated differently from a 3-second line drive or a 4.5 second fliner. Second, Baseball Info Solutions, in using RZR, tallies separately the number of plays made outside a players zone. thrown with. Conversely, if 23 out of 25 fielders caught hard fliners hit 350 feet at vector 180, the 23 fielders would receive a small credit to their Plus/Minus score, and the two fielders who missed the play would be penalized harshly. A pitching staff with a high ratio of groundballs to fly balls is likely to increase the number of chances for infielders and to decrease the number of chances for outfielders. James in Win Shares concurs that fielding statistics dont easily lend themselves to the evaluation of first basemen. Fielding percentage (sometimes called fielding average, abbreviated to FPCT) is a baseball statistic that reflects the percentage of times a defensive player correctly handles a batted or thrown ball. We were concerned several years ago that the advantage of the things that we knew could play itself out when you reach the point that everybody knew those things, Bill James told a gathering of the Boston chapter of the Baseball Writers Association of America earlier this year. The statistic is premised on the notion that the total number of outs in which a player participates is more relevant in evaluating that player's defensive play than the percentage of . Lets say the official record is that in 100 attempts the catcher has been credited with throwing out 40 runners but that in ten cases the runner was caught by the pitcher initiating the throw to one of the bases to pick the runner off. 3/24/096:00 PM 0 TRhit 10,000+ posts Coach May This unbelievable consistency earned Omar another Golden Glove. finishing the season with an .899 fielding percentage, one of the lowest at any position for a full-time player in the modern era. produces a result. I dont think anyone questions that were going to have a better defensive team. How to calculate FIP? For an example, consider John Dewans discussion of Chase Utley in The Fielding Bible, Volume II. Significant differences between DA and ZR mean that a given fielder may look better in ZR than in DA or vice versa. (Morton Grove, Ill.: STATS Publishing, March 2001). [fn]Ibid., 1113. xBA measures the likelihood that a batted ball will He exceeded his expected errors by 10.98, resulting in a Universal Fielding Percentage Score of .304 for the seasonwell below average: (56.04 - 39) / 56.04 = .304 Some kids have outstanding fielding % because they can only get to the balls an average kid can get to. (Some of those balls would have turned into doubles. These metrics are beyond the ability of the typical fan or researcher to calculate on his own; he must simply trust the work of private data-gathering servicesfor the most part, STATS, LLC (formerly STATS, Inc.) and Baseball Info Solutions (BIS)and rely on the numbers they report. [/fn], In 1957, Rawlings, the baseball-glove manufacturer, established the Gold Glove Award for the player who would be voted the best fielder at his position. [fn]Hugh Fullerton, Defensive Strength Complicated, New York Evening Mail, 23 October 1921. A range-based metric of skill that shows how many outs a Utleys teammate Ryan Howard finished second to Albert Pujols (a worthy choice, as his 171 Total Runs were the highest in MLB after Utleys 192). The inaugural All-Star Fielding Team, as it was called, was voted on by a committee of sportswriters and was drawn from players in both leagues. Totals are Below. In a relative analysis, the fielder who fields .940 in a .915 league has had a better season. The data available for new players to the major leagues are limited. All major league baseball data including pitch type, velocity, batted ball location, and play-by-play data provided by Sports Info Solutions. David Laurila of Baseball Prospectus asked him whether defensive metrics [are] an important part of your evaluation process or do you rely primarily on scouting? Hendry replied: Its scouting for me. the fastest reactions and most direct routes in the How much spin, in revolutions per minute, a pitch was (.989) among A.L. Fielding Runs and Fielding Wins. Watch our How-To Videos to Become a Stathead, Subscribe to Stathead and get access to more data than you can imagine. First, though, lets look back at the handful of defensive statistical categories that are familiar and traditional. Infielder lets the ball roll under his glove. Range Factor (commonly abbreviated RF) is a baseball statistic developed by Bill James.It is calculated by dividing putouts and assists by the number of innings or games played at a given defense position. I think defensive statistics are the most unpredictable stats out there, said Charley Kerfeld, special assistant to Phillies general manager Ruben Amaro Jr. Since Ive been here, we dont have an in-house stats guy and I kind of feel we never will.[fn]Doug Miller, New Defensive Stats Starting to Catch On, 11 January 2010, MLB.mlb.com.[/fn]. Men who try and fall when trying (Kingston, N.Y.: Total Sports, 2001), 536. Softball at South Florida March 4, 2023 7:00 p.m. softball. Major League and Minor League Baseball data provided by. A hit would have to be recorded not only as a hit for the batter and against the pitcher but also as a missed opportunity for the fielder(s). [fn]Total Baseball, 7th ed., 2494. Based on Catcher ERA, Dewan takes the ERA of each catcher with each pitcher and compares that to the ERA of other catchers who caught the same pitchers that year. Many thanks to him. In the original Zone Rating from STATS, players get extra credit for fielding a ball out of their zone. [/fn] At shortstop, Adam Everett is the leader in Runs Saved from 2006 through 2008 by a wide margin, 48 to Jimmy Rollinss 33; Derek Jeter has the lowest Runs Saved, 50. [fn]Tom Tippett, Evaluating Defense, 5 December 2002, DiamondMind.com. Get table as CSV (for Excel) Get Link to Table. In ZR, a ball that drops in for a hit in a zone that no fielder is considered responsible for is not counted as an opportunity for anyone, whereas in DA, if the ball is hit into the gap between short and second, for example, each infielder is charged with half an opportunity. [fn]Doug, Miller, Four New Defensive Stats Explained, 11 January 2010, MLB.mlb.com.[/fn]. Apparently most of the baseball writers voting on the NL MVP that year didnt recognize the strength of Utleys seasonhe finished only fourteenth in the voting. Unable to figure out how to measure fielding, they set their metric for it at 0that is, they threw up their hands and just assumed that its overall effect on the games outcome was neither positive nor negative. From that probability, a value for expected outs is obtained. Impossible (0%) Remote (1-10%). If he makes a play on the ball, hes credited with the opportunity plus the play. Most Wickets; . [/fn], For middle infielders, the main ingredients are Plus/Minus Runs Saved and runs saved on double plays. In home games, Texas had a team batting average of .340 and a .990 fielding percentage. As for the resistance from some front offices, are they allergic to innovation, or is it that they have a healthy aversion to busyness? Also factored into the formula for Defensive Runs for outfielders is opposition baserunning. All these items are taken into account to arrive at the probability that a batted ball will become an out. About that you can be the judge. Where was the fielder stationed at the moment of contact? The fielding percentage for National League shortstops in 1974 was .961, and Russell had 724 fielding chances. Plus/Minus, another metric that John Dewan developed using BIS data, is designed to answer the question How many plays did this player make above or below what an average player at his position would make?[fn]Ibid., 1. [fn]Ibid., 38594.[/fn]. For example, the graph for second basemen would show how good a second baseman is at fielding balls relative to the second-base bag and also relative to the average major-league second baseman. become a hit. Although, batting averages can vary based on the level of competition and position. Major League and Minor League Baseball data provided by. The sum of these values produces the Total Zone Total Fielding Runs Above Average, which is similar to Runs Saved in The Fielding Bible. Voters have included Bill James, Peter Gammons, Rob Neyer, Hal Richman (of Strat-O-Matic), and fans who vote in a poll conducted by Tom Tango. Below is an example of a STATS zone chart. He ranked eighteenth among center fielders. [/fn]. You may also select a position to zoom in. Of course, there are still going to be a small percentage of players that UZR gets wrong after three years or even after ten years for that matter. The reason there are still more inefficiencies on the defensive side is that defense remains hard to quantify, Jeff Kingston, assistant general manager of the Seattle Mariners, told Sports Illustrated earlier this year. [/fn], Total Runs is a comprehensive metric based on a variety of other metrics and used to compare position players for their overall contribution in all aspects of the game. Defensive Runs Saved. The first item, at least, in Schwarzs list of questions is addressed with the help of Baseball Info Solutions and the availability of new kinds of data, which are used for Revised Zone Rating, Plus/Minus, Ultimate Zone Rating, and Probabilistic Model of Range (all described later). Pitchers, catchers, and first basemen are unlikely to exceed 1-2% either way, infielders typically range between plus or minus 3-4%, and outfielders can be plus or minus 5% or more, given their unique opportunity to combine fielding acumen with running speedtwo distinct skills that can be additive in their benefits. The caught-stealing percentage is tracked for pitchers as it is for catchers. When they call for sterling men, [fn]Tom Tippett, Evaluating Defense.[/fn], Tracking by Pixel. There is no magic number for the amount of data on a player to be reliable, but after, say, three years, I consider a players UZR to be pretty darn reliable. Below well look at some of the new, and not so new, defensive metrics that Jeff Kingston alludes to and then at some of the major-league clubs that are mining them for information that might give them insight and an advantage over their competition. 3 words related to fielding average: baseball, baseball game, average. Total Zone Total Fielding Runs. All plotted hit locations that match these four criteria are compared to each other. For seasons before 2003, however, data on where balls landed does not exist, and the information is roughly estimated, resulting in a fraction of each hit being assigned to each position player. [fn]Stephen Day, Deconstructing the Midas Touch: Gold Glove Award Voting, 19652004, 1 January 2005, Allbusiness.com.[/fn]. UZR enables clubs to compare, for any given player, his runs created and his runs prevented. Repeat for every position.[fn]Total Zone Data, Baseball-Reference.com / About / Total Zone.[/fn]. DER can be applied to historical data. All stats are per team game. Much of the play-by-play, game results, and transaction information both shown and used to create certain data sets was obtained free of charge from and is copyrighted by RetroSheet. [/fn], What is the primary criterion by which the performance of a fielder ought to be evaluated? Since the Total Zone rating is simply a measure of fielding range, additional components must be added, depending on the position. The Phillies have won the National League pennant the past two years and, despite having great defensive statistics on a team and individual level, apparently have not crunched those numbers much.