ISPRA Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale For decades, mechanical recycling has been used to recover some value from waste polymers, although recycling rates are low2 and the material quality is often reduced. Reaction conditions and yields for acid-catalyzed esterification of poly(acrylic acid), acetic acid, and undecanoic acid. Surprisingly, even when excess H2O was intentionally added (3 equiv), high conversions were still observed (Supplementary Information pgs S15S16). 364, 19851998 (2009). Posta Elettronica Certificata (PEC): protocollo.ispra@ispra.legalmail.it, Kick-off meeting of the projet LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-NATURE TURTLENEST, https://www.isprambiente.gov.it/en/news/kick-off-meeting-of-the-projet-life-2021-sap-nat-nature-turtlenest, https://www.isprambiente.gov.it/en/news/kick-off-meeting-of-the-projet-life-2021-sap-nat-nature-turtlenest/@@download/image/carretta.png. The Nature and Biodiversity sub-programme will aim at the protection and restoration of Europe's nature and halting and reversing biodiversity loss. J. Moreover, mechanical recycling cannot be used with polymers that do not reversibly melt (e.g., crosslinked polymers). P.T.C. All the adhesives synthesized from PAAP&G fall within quadrant 3 and the central region (Fig. We demonstrate herein that our open-loop recycling approach to pressure-sensitive adhesives from superabsorbent polymers outcompetes the petroleum-derived syntheses on nearly every metric, including global warming potential and cumulative energy demand. 63/174,000 (filed April 13, 2021). Plots of storage (G) versus loss (G) moduli for poly(2-ethylhexylacrylate) (a), including visualization of Changs viscoelastic window, and of the cumulative energy demand (CED) and global warming potential (GWP) for each route (b). Hogan, A. et al. We quantified the effect of COVID-19 on reversing the progress in mortality reduction since 2000 (Methods). LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-NATURE Nature and Biodiversity SMART OUTCOME-BASED projects based on Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-Bound objectives for the implementation of EU Nature and Biodiversity legislation or Targets of the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 2. Both methods resulted in larger estimates of life expectancy decline compared to the difference between 2019 and 2020 period life tables (Supplementary Tables 1 and 2): for example, for Brazil (both sexes), the decline in e0 was estimated at 1.92 years (DT20) and 1.67 years (DT19) versus 1.31 years (difference between 2019 and 2020 life tables). Med. All environmental data were gathered from experiments, literature, or the ecoinvent database (version 3.5)51, and implemented in SimaPro v. 9.0.0.4850, as described in detail within the Supporting Information (Supplementary Information pgs S36S41). 32, 290299 (2016). and JavaScript. Fundao Oswaldo Cruz. Brasil, Grandes Regies e Unidades da Federao 2010. in Estudos e Pesquisas. Science 360, 2829 (2018). When intense shocks like a pandemic or war occur, life expectancy drops, but it often rebounds quickly. MRS Bull. Second, we calculated cause-deleted life tables for 2020 (DT20), which examine the consequences of eliminating COVID-19 mortality from 2020 deaths44. Public Health 17, 4322 (2020). We calculated nRx, the age-specific and sex-specific ratio of deaths from all causes other than COVID-19 to deaths inclusive of COVID-19. !J8Di,t1@'l:fBHM?bG)z6PRIq\QiA#J%B,yd6:$U drJH!e+Lal#fl&|5v{@V:"`as[#!S/`GoQd&~^lsv)rp. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. For e65, the decline in 2021 was estimated at 1.05 years for both sexes (Fig. 39, 2737 (2020). & Cameron, E. E. Suboptimal US response to COVID-19 despite robust capabilities and resources. endobj An estimated 6.3 billion metric tons of post-consumer polymer waste has been produced, with the majority (79%) in landfills or the environment. LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV - Nature Governance LIFE-2021-CET-LOCAL - Technical support to clean energy transition plans and strategies in municipalities and regions LIFE-2021-CET-PDA - Disruptive PDA - Technical Assistance to advance market boundaries for sustainable energy investments and S.G. conducted the formal analysis. - Experienced in end-to-end order management process using SAP <br>- More than fourteen (14) years of experience on data analysis, which provides strategic and tactical support to Real Estate documents from various counties in the United States<br>- Self-motivated, results-oriented, and able to work with minimal supervision<br>- Possess proven problem solving abilities and very strong . It is also the case that the difference in life expectancy between 2019 and 2020 could encompass secular changes unrelated to the pandemic. Estimated change in e0 (c) and e65 (d) in 2021. 5). 7 April 2022 - Full Proposal. Article ACS Macro Lett. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jan/14/brazil-manaus-amazonas-covid-coronavirus (2021). Opening date: 13 July 2021 Deadline: 30 November 2021 Code: LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV Programme: LIFE - Programme for the Environment and Climate Action Go to the call Objective To contribute to the protection of nature and biodiversity by: Supporting nature and biodiversity policy and legislation compliance assurance, and/or Article You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. 2U19AI089681-08). Closed-loop chemical recycling via depolymerization to monomer is also not currently feasible for these superabsorbent materials because side-chain degradation outcompetes depolymerization. Int. Through a multidisciplinary approach, the project intends to improve the conservation status of Caretta caretta, thanks to the establishment of an international network, through the use of the best shared techniques and the use of a monitoring system. 9, 407418 (2021). Plastics and the Environment. Adv. US Provisional Patent Application No. State acronyms by region: North: AC=Acre, AP=Amap, AM=Amazonas, PA=Par, RO=Rondnia, RR=Roraima and TO=Tocantins; Northeast: AL=Alagoas, BA=Bahia, CE=Cear, MA=Maranho, PB=Paraba, PE=Pernambuco, PI=Piau, RN=Rio Grande do Norte and SE=Sergipe; Center-West: DF=Distrito Federal, GO=Gois, MT=Mato Grosso and MS=Mato Grosso do Sul; Southeast: ES=Esprito Santo, MG=Minas Gerais, RJ=Rio de Janeiro and SP=So Paulo; South: PR=Paran, RS=Rio Grande do Sul and SC=Santa Catarina. You can alreadyfind all information and documentation needed at theFunding & Tenders Portal, includingthe call text and application forms. Of the gains achieved in e0 in Brazil over 2 decades, 19% were lost due to COVID-19 (Supplementary Table 8). Upgrading of postconsumer absorbent hygiene products for bioethanol production. Catal. Height influenced biomass accumulation and hence C gain, where life forms . Res. JAMA 324, 510513 (2020). R. Soc. ADS USA 118, e2014746118 (2021). Brazil does not lack a universal healthcare system, a network of community health agents to target vulnerable communities, sufficient data and a capable cadre of researchers tirelessly advancing knowledge and informing policy. For example, the 1918 influenza pandemic was estimated to have reduced e0 in the United States by 712 years7. One of the pitfalls of diaper recycling pilots is the low demand for recovered diaper materials, which depreciates the environmental potentiality of such endeavors14. Rahimi, A. To do this, we multiplied the age group-specific and sex-specific mortality rates from 2019 from each state by the corresponding projected population for March 2021. Among the states, Amazonas, Rondnia, Roraima and Mato Grosso had the largest declines in e0 in both 2020 and 2021 (Fig. Lancet 396, 365366 (2020). This year, there is 598 million available for nature conservation, environmental protection, climate action, and clean energy transition projects. Labels above bars indicate the states with extreme (high and low) life expectancies in 2019 and 2020. Spatiotemporal pattern of COVID-19 spread in Brazil. <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Google Scholar. Rede Genmica Fiocruz. Super absorbent polymer recycling to pressure sensitive adhesives. Collias, D. I. et al. <> To obtain xUmo@G9*R*S[u#>RejBG4aSgcwy2+`p3CJ)i 34, 189200 (1991). J. Environ. (UHe&+IW6rQIG nD!? 10, 48754880 (2019). 4, 28912897 (2013). This result suggests that most crosslinks had been hydrolyzed within 15h (Supplementary Fig. 123, 116129 (2019). Sonicating 2.5% and 5.0% w/v solutions of decrosslinked PAAP&G for 010min using a 20kHz sonication horn operating at full amplitude (100%) revealed rapid chain-shortening for the decrosslinked PAAP&G (Fig. In contrast, a common approach used in industry to convert acrylic acid into acrylate esters uses inexpensive alcohols as both the reagent and solvent39,40. Programme for Environment and Climate Action (LIFE) ID: LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-NATURE: Types of action: LIFE Project Grants: Deadline model: single-stage: Opening date: 13 July 2021: Deadline date: 30 November 2021 17:00:00 Brussels time . FaterSMART. stream The authors thank Procter and Gamble (P&G) for supporting this work, as well as Ryan Hayes and Jonah Vilseck for assisting with simulations, Edwin Zishiri for assisting with synthesis, Gary Gilbertson, Bill Begley, and Yiping Sun for performing SEC on the PSAs, and Prof. Brian Love for his intellectual contributions. :X"."o:XKw$0/vvDvXK Tang, H., Luan, Y., Yang, L. & Sun, H. A perspective on reversibility in controlled polymerization systems: recent progress and new opportunities. & Shamanin, V. V. Chain degradation under low-intensity sonication of polymer solutions in the presence of filler: Mechanism of ultrasonic degradation of flexible chain macromolecules. Article Records with ill-defined, unspecified or unattended deaths (codes R99 and R98) in 2020 were treated as non-COVID-19 deaths (4.9% (75,484/1,541,556)). Lancet Glob. We removed 2,689 (0.20%) and 2,722 (0.18%) records in 2019 and 2020, respectively, that did not have information on sex and/or age. For example, FaterSMART, a Proctor and Gamble (P&G) affiliated company, has developed and implemented a diaper recycling facility that includes used diaper acquisition, steam sterilization, shredding, and separation into the purified raw materials (cellulosics, superabsorbent polymer, and polyolefins)29. The calculation and figure codes required to reproduce the results presented in this paper are available at https://github.com/mcastrolab/Brazil-Covid19-e0-change/tree/main/code. States are colored according to major regions. A 245, 132140 (2006). Proposals under this topic must address EU Nature and Biodiversity legislation compliance assurance and access to justice by:- establishing new or, where in place, enhancing existing cross-border, national or regional networks of compliance assurance practitioners or experts; and/or establishing or, where in place, improving professional Trans. 44, 11491154 (1979). Faria, N. R. et al. Slider with three articles shown per slide. The Guardian. J. Mol. CAS PubMedGoogle Scholar. These results suggest that the substrate hydrophobicity also favors conversion to the ester. Among the states, Amazonas lost approximately 60% for both sexes and 68% among males. Among the states, the largest setback was estimated for Amazonas and Par (levels of 2006 for both sexes, 2008 and 2010 for females and 2005 and 2002 for males). and M.I.J. Chem. Experienced Manager with a demonstrated history of working in the computer software industry. (ed.) Lancet 394, 345356 (2019). Natl Acad. Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. Third, because local health authorities have 60 d to report deaths from any cause, delayed death registration might be an issue in 2021, and, thus, for the first 4 months of 2021, we used confirmed COVID-19 deaths as reported by Brasil.io, which compiles epidemiological bulletins from the 27 state health departments. Brazil has been heavily affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The estimated decline in 2021 e0 is 1.78 years (1.86 years for males and 1.64 years for females). 28, 434439 (2003). The rate of chain scission during sonication is directly proportional to the amount of chain entanglement during sonication35. The SAP SF and Payroll Rollout initiative is a strategic technology that will reinvent the HR function in the implementing markets This initiative will establish an integrated HR platform that. is supported by the National Institute on Aging (grant no. IBGE. Barberia, L. G. & Gmez, E. J. stream Integrated Projects (all subprogrammes): 19 October 2021 - Concept Note. Hayes, R. L., Armacost, K. A., Vilseck, J. Nat Commun 12, 4524 (2021). At present, the environmental benefits of diaper recycling (including superabsorbent poly(acrylic acid) recovery) are dependent on the avoided material burdens52. 4b,c). For all intervals except ages 01, 15 and 90+, the interval length n is 5 years wide. Semin. The resulting polymers were isolated in ~97% yield (over the two steps). Bystryak, S., Santockyte, R. & Peshkovsky, A. S. Cell disruption of S. cerevisiae by scalable high-intensity ultrasound. and S.G. conducted data curation. Huang, C. et al. Chazovachii, P.T., Somers, M.J., Robo, M.T. https://www.petrochemistry.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/150727_EBAM-Eco-profile-Acrylic-Monomers-1.pdf (Cefic European Basic Acrylic Monomers Sector group (EBAM): Brussels, 2015). Palloni, A., Pinto, G. & Beltrn-Snchez, H. Two centuries of mortality decline in Latin America: from hunger to longevity. served as a sounding board throughout the project. Created a powerful network of specialist vendors Key qualities and experiences: Project delivery of complicated, multi stream, long-term projects from inception to BAU Business process optimization. 2b). a, Ratio of COVID-19 deaths reported in 2021 (January-April) to those reported in 2020 (%). Vaccine 39, 34043409 (2021). U.S. Patent Application 2021/0054161 A1 (February 25, 2021). Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Article Manaus, the capital of Amazonas, observed a very high attack rate after the first wave of the pandemic in 2020 (ref. volume12, Articlenumber:4524 (2021) In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles A more limited version of the basic income program was re-established in April 2021. Sci. Vaupel, J. W., Villavicencio, F. & Bergeron-Boucher, M.-P. Demographic perspectives on the rise of longevity. Article The Kick-off meeting of the LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-NATURE TURTLENEST project will be held on January 20 in Rome, at the Legambiente headquarters. For the base case scenario (absence of COVID-19), we used mortality rates reported in 2019, which we treated as cause-deleted life tables (that is, there were no deaths from COVID-19 in 2019), and applied these to the population at risk to obtain expected deaths in the absence of COVID-19. In any recycling effort, it is essential that a life cycle assessment27 is performed to determine the energy and environmental costs. Although some cities temporarily closed some businesses in response to the unprecedented COVID-19 surge in early 2021, no financial support was provided from January to March 2021.