Armstrong changed the jazz during the Harlem Renaissance. Many resources exist for information on the life and music of Louis Armstrong. I am a 33 year old wife, mother, beauty professional, blogger, amateur chef, craft maven and DIYer, living in a small rural suburb outside of San Diego, California. Louis and Lil Armstrong separated in 1931. And though the city has made strides to commemorate himwith its airport, a downtown park and an annual Satchmo summer festivalthe struggle to preserve New Orleans early jazz sites continues. You've added your first Trip Builder item! At age 62, Armstrong became the oldest musician in American history to have a number one song. \text{ } & \text{ } & \text{ }\\ \hline [1] It is located in the Trem neighborhood in Louis Armstrong Park adjacent to Congo Square . These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The new stadium, located on the same site, was dedicated as Louis Armstrong Stadium in 2018. Louis Armstrong's 1946 Henri Selmer B custom-made and inscribed trumpet is part of the Music and Performing Arts . This sparked the beginning of Armstrong's career in recording and touring with bands. Fame beckoned in 1922 when Oliver, then leading a band in Chicago, sent for Armstrong to play second cornet. President Johnson was a big fan of Armstrong and had invited him to perform at the White House on several occasions. It's in the ensembles where the temperature really rises, everyone pushed along by Squire Gresh's propulsive bass." 19. What did Louis Armstrong do as a child? His marriage to Hardin, meanwhile, proved less successfulthe couple divorced in 1938. Armstrong was born in New Orleans on August 4, 1901. Solo career He played for a year in New York City in Fletcher Hendersons band and on many recordings with others before returning to Chicago and playing in large orchestras. During the 1920s, Armstrong was the second cornetist in Mr. Olivers Creole Jazz Band. Louis Armstrong was the dominant influence on the swingera, when most trumpeters attempted to emulate his inclination to dramatic structure, melody, or technical virtuosity. Armstrong was born in New Orleans in 1901, dropped out of school as a child and was a successful touring musician in his early 20s. What was the kind of jazz played by the basic New Orleans jazz group? In most of Armstrongs movie, radio, and television appearances, he was featured as a good-humoured entertainer. His version of the "Hello Dolly" was the first record to knock the Beatles out of the top position they held for 14 weeks with three separate songs. Jack Bradley, Slim Thompson and Louis Armstrong in Armstrong's kitchen, c. 1965. The audience clapping in the film were later added to the film. What is Louis Armstrong famous for? He retained vestiges of the style in such masterpieces as Hotter than That, Struttin with Some Barbecue, Wild Man Blues, and Potato Head Blues but largely abandoned it while accompanied by pianist Earl Hines (West End Blues and Weather Bird). He played in Kid Ory's band and entertained on the riverboat Dixie Bell, before joining Oliver in Chicago in 1922. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". ________ The politician tried to __________ his opponent in an effort to win the election. The trumpeter and his band, the All Stars, proceeded to take the continent by storm. Louis Armstrong: Swing That Music. Pops, as he was often called, toured internationally as a special envoy for the U.S. State Department. Louis Armstrong, the celebrated jazz trumpeter and singer, died in his sleep yesterday morning at his home in the Corona section of Queens. It does not store any personal data. The Municipal Auditorium is a 7,853-seat multi-purpose arena in New Orleans, Louisiana, and a component of the New Orleans Cultural Center, alongside the Mahalia Jackson Theater of the Performing Arts. Young Louis spent much of his boyhood in the care of his grandmother, but he also found a second home among the Karnofskys, a local Lithuanian-Jewish family who hired him to do odd jobs for their peddling business. A man with a baseball bat gave Louis a visit to convince him to honor the deal. His wife, Lilian Hardin, persuaded him to remain in the band in order to maintain his mentorship. Despite his apparent August 4th birth in New Orleans, Louisiana, he was born in Chicago. 131 Copy quote. Armstrong spent his youth singing on the street for spare change, but he didnt receive any formal musical training until age 11, when he was arrested for firing a pistol in the street during a New Years Eve celebration. c. credential Armstrong moved to Chicago to join Olivers band in August 1922 and made his first recordings as a member of the group in the spring of 1923. Armstrong, who would soon become known to his audiences as Satchmo and Pops, would find that the world beyond New Orleans would not tire of his infectious smile, gravelly voice and remarkable ability to convey a landslide of emotion in the singular note of a trumpeta talent evident on tracks such as West End Blues and Potato Head Blues.. Azalea Louis Armstrong & Duke Ellington (Roulette, 1961) Giddins, Gary. Despite his fame, he remained a humble man and lived a simple life in a working-class neighborhood. False Louis Armstrong performed with Fletcher Henderson's orchestra in 1924, staying with the ensemble for fourteen months. His international reputation knew no boundaries. I do believe that my whole success goes back to that time I was arrested as a wayward boy, he later wrote, because then I had to quit running around and began to learn something. He performed in Europe for the first time in 1932 and returned in 1933, staying for over a year because of a damaged lip. Louis Armstrong. His early years were hard ones. 2023 A&E Television Networks, LLC. In 1913 he was sent to the Colored Waifs Home as ajuvenile delinquent. Louis was so impressed with their new home, he never moved again. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. , He stayed in New York almost a year before he returned to Chicago. By then the New Orleans ensemble style, which allowed few solo opportunities, could no longer contain his explosive creativity. LYRICSHold me close and hold me fastThe magic spell you castThis is la vie en roseWhen you kiss me heaven sighsAnd tho I close my eyesI see la vie en roseWhe. Armstrong appeared in the all-new Neil ensemble review of Hot Cho colates on Broadway. Having come from a poor family in New Orleans, Armstrong began to perform with bands in small clubs, and play at funerals and parades around town in New Orleans. Soprano saxophonist and clarinetist who never used the cornet. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. When Armstrong performed for King George V in 1932, . How did the Roaring Twenties develop over time? (1969). was funded in part by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities, a federal agency, and by the New York State Council on the Arts.. Additional support was provided by Mobil Foundation Inc. The 1928 recording was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1974. He played the guitar, Who was the father of the blues? Armstrong quickly established himself as one of jazz musics most accomplished musicians, earning him the moniker the best guitarist in the world. During the 1930s, Armstrong was one of the most popular performers on the planet, traveling to Europe and the United States. Louis Armstrong's Hot Five Louis' Chicago recordings and performances continued until 1929 when he voyaged back to New York with the hopes of performing on Broadway. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! He was well liked for his mugging, wisecracks, and willingness to repeat programs that had gone over well, among other things. was very loved on the saxophone. *Tours can be arranged through the contact form on McCuskers Web site (www.johnmccuskermedia.com) and by phone: (504) 232-5421. The entertainer would spend much of the Prohibition era back and forth between Chicago and New York during one of his most productive periods, as a sideman and later as the leader of his Hot Five and Hot Seven bands. Privacy Statement Located just steps from the French Quarter, the 32-acre Louis Armstrong Park was founded in 1980 in honor of NOLA's favorite son, and contains Perseverance Halla Masonic lodge and later a. Louis Armstrong died of a heart attack in his sleep on July 6, 1971. The live concert performance was filmed on October 21, 1933, at Lyric Park. He began playing in the noisy, smoke-filled musical clubs known as Black Storyville, which were located in the vicinity of South Liberty and Perdido streets (where New Orleans City Hall now stands). The Armstrongs lived in an upstairs apartment, according to James Lincoln. Many scholars call Louis Armstrong the first great jazz soloist. Armstrongs legacy lives on in jazz fans all over the world thanks to his recordings. What are the 5 stages of the nursing process? Louis was forced to deal with racism as a child growing up in the early 1900s. It operated from 1897 until 1917,when, with World War I raging, the U.S. Navy forced the city to shut it down. Instead of each musician playing as part of a group, his musicians played their solos out front, with the others playing backup. From the beginning of his career as a bandleader, Armstrong created ensembles to showcase his spectacular trumpet playing. What was Louis Armstrongs childhood like? Throughout his life, he worked a variety of jobs, including standing on street corners at night. In 1922, Armstrong moved to Chicago to join Joe Oliver's Creole Jazz Band. Okeh Records also recorded the band before Louis left for New York in 1924. When did Louis Armstrong start playing the horn? What is (argued) to be one of the most significant and powerful elements of African culture to be retained in America? When it opened in 1903, the Little Gem was as a hangout for early jazz legends such as Buddy Bolden and Jelly Roll Morton. Who was Louis Armstrong? He was raised by his mother Mayann in a neighborhood so dangerous it was called "The Battlefield." . Are Louis Armstrong and Neil Armstrong related? Armstrong was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, in 1901, even though he sometimes said later in his life that he was born on July 4, 1900. This allowed the soloist more freedom in improvisation to the melodies and harmonies. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. LA Commercial Photography: How To Get The Right Shots And Be Successful, Nikon Coolpix P510 Review: Helps You Take Cool Snaps, 15 Tips, Tricks and Shortcuts for your Android Marshmallow, Technological Advancements: How Technology Has Changed Our Lives (In A Bad Way), 15 Tips, Tricks and Shortcuts for your Android Lollipop, Awe-Inspiring Android Apps Fabulous Five, IM Graphics Plugin Review: You Dont Need A Graphic Designer, 20 Best free fitness apps for Android devices. The young cornet player would later hone his craft on the Mississippi River, playing aboard the paddle steamer Sidney. Where did Louis Armstrong play in brass bands? Armstrong, who died at the age of 81, is remembered for his humor and generosity. What is one of the most significant European contributions to early jazz? I think I have a right to get sore and say something about it.. Thanks to a relentless touring schedule and his penchant for hitting high Cs on the trumpet, Armstrong spent much of his career battling severe lip damage. New York: Broadway Books, 1997. Armstrongs influence extended far beyond jazz; the energetic, swinging rhythmic momentum of his playing was a major influence on soloists in every genre of American popular music. What was Louis Armstrong's first performance? Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. 2023 Neworleans.com All Rights Reserved. Flushing Cemetery, New York, United States Jack Bradley, fan, friend and photographer of Louis Armstrong, born Cotuit, Massachusetts, on 3 January, 1934 died March 21 2021 in Brewster, Massachusetts. photo courtesy of Hogan Jazz Archives, Tulane University. Please contact the moderators of this subreddit if you have any questions or concerns. Armstrong is carried in triumph into Brazzaville's Beadouin Stadium during his African tour. At 17, Armstrong accepted a job with John Streckfus and his bandleader Fate C. Marable aboard theSidney, a New Orleans paddle wheeler, performing along the Mississippi, Missouri and Ohio rivers. Chicago In early 1964, at age 62, Louis achieved the distinction of being the oldest musician ever to have a No. Altogether, his immensely compelling swing; his brilliant technique; his sophisticated, daring sense of harmony; his ever-mobile, expressive attack, timbre, and inflections; his gift for creating vital melodies; his dramatic, often complex sense of solo design; and his outsized musical energy and genius made these recordings major innovations in jazz. Besides the trumpet and cornet, what instrument did Louis Armstrong famously perform with? After Chicago experienced an influx of New Orleans musicians, the next wave of immigrants came from: Bix Beiderbecke's cornet style was characterized by: Use of the term jazz was controversial when it was fairly new. New Orleans native Louis Armstrong moved to New York City in 1924, where he played the clubs and on Broadway, helping to spread the sound of jazz to a larger audience. His music was instrumental in the Harlem Renaissance, and it is still popular today. By that time Armstrong was playing trumpet, and his technique was superior to that of all competitors. Lil Hardin, his wife, was on the piano. On the draft card dated Sept. 12, 1918, Armstrong gives the address where he and his mother lived: 1233 Perdido St. Daniel Louis Armstrong recalls being a Southern Doodle Dandy on July 4, 1900. Where did Louis Armstrong usually perform? This prompted the formation of Louis Armstrong's All-Stars, a Dixieland band that at first included such other jazz greats as Hines and trombonist Jack Teagarden. Among the performers were Bunk Johnson and Joe Oliver who were so impressed with young Louis' attention they became his instructors and mentors. When tourists fly to New Orleans, it is through Louis Armstrong International Airport that they arrive. Below is a selection of bibliographies. Musicians such as Jelly Roll Morton, Buddy Bolden and Joe King Oliver, who later became Armstrongs mentor, were helping to define the new genre, making names for themselves in the smoky din of New Orleans dance halls, saloons and honky tonks. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Two statues in New Orleans have been erected in Armstrongs honor, one on the West Bank in Algiers adjacent to the Canal Street Ferry landing, and the other in Louis Armstrong Park named in his honor. Photo by Jeann Failows. Armstrongs own musical education was anything but conventional. During his career, he: Through the years, Louis entertained millions, from heads of state and royalty to the kids on his stoop in Corona. His statue stands in New Orleans, where he was born and is regarded as one of the greatest jazz musicians of all time. TitleofPoemSymbolExplanation. Jones, Max and Chilton, John. As a child he worked at odd jobs and sang in a boys quartet. He recorded popular songs like "When It's Sleepy Time Down South", "Heebie Jeebies", and "West End Blues" dozens of times each. throughout the midwest After Chicago experienced an influx of New Orleans musicians, the next wave of immigrants came from: introspection and refinement Bix Beiderbecke's cornet style was characterized by: in cities throughout the US Trombonists, too, appropriated Armstrongs phrasing, and saxophonists as different as Coleman Hawkins and Bud Freeman modeled their styles on different aspects of Armstrongs. He was an excellent guitarist who could play blues and jazz improvisation, as well as soloing with great energy and excitement. TitleofPoemSymbolExplanation\begin{array}{|l|l|l|} \hline In fact the depression had so affected the New York music scene, he was struggling just to find a gig each night. Encouraged by his wife, Armstrong quit Olivers band to seek further fame. Alternate titles: Louis Daniel Armstrong, Satchmo. He appeared at venues such asConnies Inn in Harlem and on Broadway inConnies Hot Chocolates, where he became a nationwide sensation, and recorded his first hit album. This prompted the formation of Louis Armstrongs All-Stars, a Dixieland band that at first included such other jazz greats as Hines and trombonist Jack Teagarden. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. By the time of his death in 1971, the man known around the world as Satchmo was widely recognized as a founding father of jazza uniquely American art form. As a child, he worked odd jobs and sang in a boys' quartet. West End Blues-This King Oliver composition was popularized by Louis Armstrong and His Hot Five. Born August 4, 1901, Louis Armstrong goes on to greatly contributing to the development of early Jazz, the spreading of Swing and his continual influences in the modern day. The nonsense syllables Armstrong sang over chord changes: Which instrument did Earl Hines mimic in his piano lines? Armstrong was born in New Orleans on August 4, 1901, though he claimed July 4 as his birthday. However, his Broadway dreams were not realized. Armstrong, who relocated to Chicago from New York City in 1922, was a member of Joe Oliver's . His trumpet style evolved into a melodic but acrobatic style that would influence all who followed him. Some whites even called for boycotts of the trumpeters shows, but the controversy soon blew over after Eisenhower sent soldiers to desegregate the schools in Little Rock. Despite being 29 years younger and white, Neil Armstrong was most definitely Louis Armstrongs grand father. Cookie Policy As a black man living and working in a segregated society, he symbolized the civil rights struggle that was part of the changing America in which he lived. His first popular song was Aint Mis Behavin, and his first popular hit was Mahakey Hall Stomp, written by Fats Waller. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Louis Armstrong returned to New York, where he performed at Connie's Inn in Harlem and on Broadway in Connie's Hot Chocolates, and . Yes he was. Armstrong started for New Orleans, playing one-nighters in Minneapolis, Ohio (including a college date at Ohio University), and another swing through Kentucky, again, all territories Collins used to book in his vaudeville days. Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, Armstrong was a major figure in the Harlem Renaissance, which saw a revival of African American culture and artistic expression. Louis Armstrong is considered the leading trumpeter and one of the most influential artists injazzhistory, who helped develop jazz into a fine art. Satchmo at the National Press Club: Red Beans and Rice-ly Yours-Five months before his death, Armstrong transformed a National Press Club awards ceremony into a music celebration. The popularity he gained brought together many black and white audiences to watch him perform. Back in America in 1935, Armstrong hired Joe . Armstrong was a trailblazer in the development of jazz, and his style and technique had a profound impact on the music. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. In 1919, Oliver decided to go north and resigned his position in Kid Ory's band; Armstrong replaced him. His beautiful tone and gift for structuring bravura solos with brilliant high-note climaxes led to such masterworks as Thats My Home, Body and Soul, and Star Dust. One of the inventors of scat singing, he began to sing lyrics on most of his recordings, varying melodies or decorating with scat phrases in a gravel voice that was immediately identifiable. Bing Crosby said his friend Satchmo was the beginning and the end of music in America. New Orleans is proud that it began right here. Wil Armstrong was born in a turpentine factory, where his father, Wil Armstrong, carved fur into naces. After leaving New Orleans in 1922, Armstrong spent three years playing in jazz ensembles in Chicago and Harlem. This particular performance was extra special because it was also Johnsons birthday. He was also featured in several motion pictures. Louis Armstrong (1901-1971) was born in the cradle of American jazz and blues--New Orleans. But while the song performed well overseas, it was not well promoted in the United States and flopped upon its initial release. His mother also later abandoned the family (which also included Armstrong's younger sister). 1924 b. discredit He did the work necessary and paid attention to everything going on around him.. The Williamsburg Symphony Orchestra returns to the . Armstrong's parents were severely poor, his father was a factory . Leading composer and performer of ragtime. The key to Armstrongs success is the discipline he brought to bear, says Bruce Boyd Raeburn, curator of the Hogan Jazz Archive at Tulane University. Armstrong played in various bands in New Orleans such as Kid Ory's Band and the Tuxedo Brass Band. Advertising Notice He played a rare dramatic role in the film New Orleans (1947), in which he also performed in a Dixieland band. Click here to view our JAZZ Walk of Fame segment on Louis Armstrong. 727 South Broad St. Honing his skills by playing in early brass bands with Joe "King" Oliver, Bunk Johnson, Kid Ory and others, he replaced Oliver in Ory's band in 1919 when Oliver moved to Chicago. In New Orleans, what was the famous square that slaves would gather to play music. When did Louis Armstrong leave New Orleans? Armstrong battled alcoholism and drug abuse in his later years. What are the cleaning ingredients that are commonly used at home? It was 1921 and, for Armstrong, a move up. When Armstrong returned to New Orleans for a visit in 1965, he identified the museums cornet as his own after recognizing the grooves in the mouthpiece, which he filed himself in order to improve the fit on his lips. Armstrongs gruff but soulful vocals would influence both Ella Fitzgerald and Billie Holiday. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. His career of musical performances and acting continued until he passed away at home on July 6, 1971. . Terms of Use Those are just a few of the living legends who keep jazz going strong in the place it all began, New Orleans, Louisiana. Armstrong, like most great jazz musicians, was a versatile instrumentalist capable of playing almost any style of jazz. Armstrong was a hard worker and was extremely curious as a child. When he was born, his father William Armstrong abandoned him and his family while his mother Mayann worked as a part time prostitute to provide for the family. \text{ } & \text{ } & \text{ }\\ \hline How did Storyville section of New Orleans get its name? These recordings capture Louis playing with a range and technique that would challenge the better cornetists of they day. His wife helped jumpstart his solo career. During this time he abandoned the often blues-based original material of his earlier years for a remarkably fine choice of popular songs by such noted composers as Hoagy Carmichael, Irving Berlin, and Duke Ellington. Although Armstrong claimed to be born in 1900, various documents, notably a baptismal record, indicate that 1901 was his birth year. The home is now the location of the Louis Armstrong House Museum, per Lucille's request. Louis was forced to deal with racism as a child growing up in the early 1900s. Armstrongs trumpet improvisations influenced every jazz musician who appeared after him. He also became second trumpet for the Tuxedo . In the years following his appearance on The Voice of Honey, Armstrong would become one of the most famous musicians in the world. Nonetheless, as Armstrong grew older, he began to develop a natural talent for music and began to play in street bands. More than a great trumpeter, Armstrong was a bandleader, singer, soloist, film star, and comedian. A policeman arrested him on the spot. Louis Armstrong was born in New Orleans, Louisiana on August 4, 1901. Are Louis Armstrong and Neil Armstrong related? Louis Armstrong. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. The Voice of Honey was a fifteen-minute daily show that featured popular songs and celebrities wish birthdays to listeners. There he learned to play thecornetin a band, and playingmusicquickly became a passion. There he got the job of playing the bugle when the flag was raised and lowered. He played for presidents, European royalty and for high-ranking officials on his beloved continent of Africa. Dipper Mouth Blues This early composition by Louis Armstrong and his mentor, the legendary New Orleans cornet player Joseph King Oliver, was a featured piece of King Olivers Creole Jazz Band. The People of Traditional New Orleans Jazz: If music is the essence of the New Orleans Jazz National Historical Park, then people are the heart of our story. As a child, Armstrong worked a series of odd jobs, from hawking newspapers and cleaning graves to picking vegetables from the trash and selling them to neighborhood restaurants. Though he sang on street corners and taught himself the cornet, there was little to suggest that a boy with scant education or formal musical training would become one of the defining musicians of his age. By 1929, he was living in Harlem, though as one of the most. He also showcased instrumental solos in a way that was not previously practiced. 1 Where did Louis Armstrong usually perform? Those wishing to send contributions in her husbands memory can do so by donating to the Kidney Research Foundation. Throughout the broadcast, a total of 34 hours of Armstrong music will be played. In 1913 he was sent to the Colored Waifs Home as a juvenile delinquent. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Jazz is synonymous with the Big Easy, and theres no bigger name in the history of the genre than Satchmo. Nearby South Rampart Street was part of the playground where the young Armstrong rambled, got in trouble, and heard music. He also never stopped performing. During the height of the Cold War in the late 1950s, the U.S. State Department developed a program to send jazz musicians and other entertainers on goodwill tours to improve Americas image overseas. In 1913 he was sent to the Colored Waifs Home as a juvenile delinquent. Five Essential Louis Armstrong Tunes to Listen to Before You Go, Selected by Joann Stevens, program manager of the Smithsonian Institution's Jazz Appreciation Month. Though his own bands usually played in a more conservative style, Armstrong was the dominant influence on the swing era, when most trumpeters attempted to emulate his inclination to dramatic structure, melody, or technical virtuosity. He did return to New Orleans periodically. Louis Armstrong, who was 69 years old, died on July 6, 1971, in Los Angeles. Louis Armstrong was born in New Orleans, Louisiana on August 4, 1901. Satchmo. There will be a funeral service at 1 p.m. on Friday at the Corona Congregational Church. By May, Hello Dolly! had soared to the top of the charts, displacing two songs by The Beatles, who were then at the height of their popularity. What did slave owners outlaw on their plantations? More than 40 . These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. President Nixon: I share the agony of millions of Americans at the death of Louis Armstrong. Armstrong, a U.S. Department of State official, traveled to Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America. Two statues in New Orleans have been erected in Armstrong's honor, one on the West Bank in Algiers adjacent to the Canal Street Ferry landing, and the other in Louis Armstrong Park - named in his honor. According to Miles Davis, there cant be anything on a horn that Louis hasnt played. Today, the Little Gem Saloons early 1900s-inspired interior and daily live music harkens back to the clubs heyday, and its Sunday jazz brunch features a historic Creole menu by Chef Robert Bruce, with dishes such as oxtail soup, pickled oysters and molasses pie. Though Armstrong was content to remain in New Orleans, in the summer of 1922, he received a call from King Oliver to come to Chicago, Illinois, and join his Creole Jazz Band on second cornet. Only Charlie Parker comes close to having as much influence on the history of Jazz as Louis Armstrong did. It was very dangerous for a black child to venture outside black's. He knew it was a skill he needed to have, but said he thought it separated the musician from the listener. 125 Copy quote. The conductor in this 1954 photo is. Louis Armstrong was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, on August 4, 1901. Armstrong is carried in triumph into Brazzavilles Beadouin Stadium during his African tour. As the years passed, Satchmo's star appeal continued to grow. 1922 A gambling hall owner relocates from New Orleans to Chicago and entertains his patrons with hot jazz by Louis Armstrong, Billie Holiday, Woody Herman, and others.