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One of the most famous victims of the trials was a prominent woman in the local community named Martha Corey. Soon after, other girls including Anne Putnam, Jr., 12, and Elizabeth Hubbard, 17, also started showing similar symptoms. Almost 150 people were accused of being witches and 20 were killed. The witch trials were held in Salem, Massachusetts, between February 1692 and May 1693. Another reason why it sucked that these trials took place before the Bill of Rights existed? The Salem trials also went on to become a powerful metaphor for the anticommunist hearings led by U.S. Sen. Joseph McCarthy during the Red Scare of the 1950s, famously in the form of Arthur Millers allegorical play The Crucible (1953). Historys most fascinating stories and darkest secrets, delivered to your inbox daily. I knew that she was going to take it badly, but I had no idea about the insane lengths she would go to just to get revenge and mess with my life. History. Were always looking for your input! More than 200 people were accused of practicing witchcraftthe devil's magic and 20 were executed.. Dont feel too embarrassed if you happen to be from Massachusetts, you guys were not the first to do something like this. Updates? The madness of the witch trials eventually resulted in 200 people accused of witchcraft, 140 to 150 arrests for witchcraft, and the hangings of thirteen women and six men. Courts relied on three kinds of evidence: 1) confession, 2) testimony of two eyewitnesses to acts of witchcraft, or 3) spectral evidence (when the afflicted girls were having their fits, they would interact with an unseen assailant - the apparition of the witch tormenting them). Much of the evidence brought agains the witches, at least at first, was called spectral evidence, where people testified to seeing an apparition of the accused trying to inflict harm on them. He was stripped naked and covered with heavy boards. Bishop was known to rebel against the puritanical values of that time. Other proof was the touch test, where if a witch who cursed someone touched the cursed person in the midst of a fit, theit fit would stop. Twenty people were put to death in Salem for the crime of witchcraft. Tituba ultimately survived the saga and was not hanged. Tituba ultimately survived the saga and was not hanged. The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 - Peabody Essex Museum in Salem, MA Family History Proves Bewitching to Descendants of Salem Witches : Colonial America: Three Presidents, Clara Barton, Walt Disney, Joan Kennedy and One Unborn Child Are among Those Whose Ancestors Were Accused of Consorting with the Devil 300 Years Ago. Los Angeles Times. The Salem Witch trials occupy a large space in the American imagination. One of the turning points in ending public support and enthusiasm for the trials was the conviction and execution of one of the towns former minsters, George Burroughs, who publicly recited the Lords Prayer at the gallows, which was believed to be impossible for witches to do. Seven more died in jail. By May 1693 everyone in custody under conviction or suspicion of witchcraft had been pardoned by Phips. So if witchcraft wasnt really happening in Salem, what actually caused those girls to have the fits? There is little doubt that some individuals did worship the devil and attempt to practice sorcery with harmful intent. 20 wereexecuted (generally hanged) by the prosecutors, and five died while serving prison time. History Of Salem, MA | Salem Historical Timeline After months of trials, the governor finally decided to put an end to the trials with the last trials being held in May of 1693. They thought that when witches baked cakes, that they were casting a spell in it. Now that Tituba had confirmed that satanic work was afootand that there were other witches aroundthere was no stopping until they were all found. Several episodes of the original Bewitched TV series were actually filmed on location in Salem. Other girls and young women began experiencing fits, among them Ann Putnam, Jr.; her mother; her cousin, Mary Walcott; and the Putnamss servant, Mercy Lewis. The effects of the Salem Village witch trials were devastating: 141 people imprisoned, 19 people executed, and two more died from other causes directly related to the investigations.1 The Salem witch trials would account for a quarter of all people executed for the crime of witchcraft in the history of New England,2 and would furthermore prove Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Another famous incident from the trials was the case of John Proctor. Ancestry has made a home for a piece of that history in its online collection, New England, Salem Witches and Others Tried for Witchcraft, 1647-1697. No, it doesnt sound that romantic or comic to me either. In 1702, the court declared the trials unlawful. Despite the horrible and senseless loss of life and community divisions that the witch trials caused, some historians believe that the traumatic incident had a silver lining. They were eventually assumed to be possessed. She stayed out for long hours, had people in her home late at night, and hosted drinking and gambling parties frequently. The next time Giles wanted to attend, Martha objected and prevented him from going. Salem Witch Trial Research Paper .docx - 1 Gabriela The hunts were efforts to identify witches rather than pursuits of individuals who were already thought to be witches. Linder, Douglas O. It was actually the local doctor, likely William Griggs, who first diagnosed the girls as having been bewitched when he couldnt find anything medically wrong with them to explain the strange behavior. Some three-fourths of those European witch hunts took place in western Germany, the Low Countries, France, northern Italy, and Switzerland. Villagers killed that second dog and sent the man fleeing for his life. The litany of odd behaviour also mirrored that of the children of a Boston family who in 1688 were believed to have been bewitched, a description of which had been provided by Congregational minister Cotton Mather in his book Memorable Providences, Relating to Witchcraft and Possessions (1689) and which may have been known by the girls in Salem Village. The most terrifying part, perhaps, was that anyone could be accused of engaging in witchcraft, and there was little they could do to defend themselves. After Governor Phipss wife was accused, he again interceded and ordered that a new court be established that would not allow so-called spectral evidence. In fact, there was fear in Europe that an entire group of evil witches were consciously attacking Europeans in order to destroy Christendom. Take, Salvador Dali was a man of contradictions. Witchcraft was considered a crime against the church and the state. What historians do know is that Abigail Williams was born on July 12, 1680. The 1942 romantic comedy filmI Married a Witch, starring Veronica Lake and Frederic March, told the story of two witches from Salem placing a revenge curse on the descendants of their accuser. Music Credit: Spirit of the Dead by Aakash Gandhi#List25 #Didyouknow #WitchTrials The feud was over the fact that Kazan had named communist sympathizers during his testimony to Congress. But not just adult women and men were impacted by the trials. For everyone who remains intrigued by Salem, here are a few lesser-known facts about the witchcraft trials. 8. One of the turning points in ending public support and enthusiasm for the trials was the conviction and execution of one of the towns former minsters, George Burroughs, who publicly recited the Lords Prayer at the gallows, which was believed to be impossible for witches to do. Unlike the others who were hanged, this unfortunate fellow was crushed to death by stones. His vocal support for his wifewho was also accused of witchcraftand claims that the accusers were lying were among the possible reasons why suspicion fell on him as well. Wicked Facts About the Salem Witch Trials - Factinate It was believed that witches had animal helpers that could take almost any animal form and do their dirty work for them. Probably stimulated by voodoo tales told to them by Tituba, Parriss daughter Betty (age 9), his niece Abigail Williams (age 11), and their friend Ann Putnam, Jr. (about age 12), began indulging in fortune-telling. She was an enslaved woman believed to have been from Central America, captured as a child from Barbados, and brought to Massachusetts in 1680 by Reverend Parris. One was pressed to death by heavy stones. One particularly disturbing fact about the witch hunt in Salem is that animals could be found guilty of participating in witchcraft as well as humans, and they could be (and were) sentenced to death for it. 20 wereexecuted (generally hanged) by the prosecutors, and five died while serving prison time. "Examination of a witch" by Tompkins Harrison Matteson (1853) From unbelievable witch swimming tests to the role of Salem smallpox in the trials, this list will bring you every crazy witch trial fact that you never knew existed! For those who are unaware, Salem is located in Massachusetts, which, as you might remember from history class, was New Englands first established colony dating back to the arrival of the Pilgrims of the Mayflower at Plymouth in 1620. 10 The Symptoms That Gave Witches Away Make No Sense At All All witches are women, but not every woman is a witch. While Miller maintained that he kept everything historically accurate, some have noted that he made changes to the real record for the sake of the play. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. For more than 300 years, the complex drama of the 1692 Salem witch trials and its themes of injustice and the frailties of human nature have captivated and fascinated the public imagination. Business Case: Negligence: Multiple Choice Questions One of the most popular points of view was that if you were against the trials, then you were, in fact, an advocate for the witches. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. Credits: Danvers Lunatic Asylum: CHRONICLES- Danvers State Hospital | Danvers Despite being known as the Salem witch trials, some of the trials actually took place in Ipswich and Andover in addition to Salem itself. Arthur Miller, the famous playwright who authored Death of a Salesman, responded to the McCarthy hysteria by writing The Crucible, a play about the Salem witch trials, as a metaphor for what the country was going through in the 1950s. The Salem witch trials of the late 17th century were a formative episode in America's early history, and have remained at the forefront of the national consciousness ever since. We want our readers to trust us. Nineteen were hanged, and one-elderly Giles Corey-pressed to death. She was taken into custody the next day and jailed with her mother, Sarah, who had been accused of the same capital crime three weeks earlier. One dog was shot after a girl suffering from convulsions accused the dog of trying to bewitch her. One person was even executed for refusing to testify at the hearings. Given the subsequent spread of the strange behaviour to other girls and young women in the community and the timing of its display, however, those physiological and psychological explanations are not very convincing. The people of Salem often ate rye bread,and in wet, swampy conditions (which Salem had at the time), rye can foster a fungus called ergot. Make sure to watch this video all the way to the end to see which crazy witchcraft fact made our top 10! It was actually the local doctor, likely William Griggs, who first diagnosed the girls as having been bewitched when he couldnt find anything medically wrong with them to explain the strange behavior. The Salem Witch Trials that took place in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692 was most defiantly a time when one could attribute "moral panic" to the deaths of 20 people who were hung for being what society deemed as witches. The Salem Witch Trials In The Crucible By Arthur Miller However, after the dogs death, the local Minister reasoned that if the devil had possessed the dog, it would not have been so easily killed with a bullet. These 10 lesser-known facts about the . Accessed May 6, 2021. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_of_the_Salem_witch_trials. Kyle Climans has been a published writer since 2011. Salem Witch Trials Facts for Kids - History For Kids Witches were people who followed Satan and traded their souls for his help. Most importantly, Stoughton allowed spectral evidence during the trials, so that an accuser could claim that an accused witch had appeared to them in a vision or hurt them within a dream. Here's what we know about the original witch hunt: 1. They began in 1692, a full 73 years before the start of the American Revolution and some 40 years before George Washington was even born. Parris, whose largely theological studies at Harvard College (now Harvard University) had been interrupted before he could graduate, was in the process of changing careers from business to the ministry. Witch hunts Husbands hiding things from wives, mothers from children, and generation from generation. The colony passed a bill in 1711 restoring the rights and good names of those accused and granted 600 restitution to their heirs. When all was said and done, 25 people lost their lives because of the trials. Several episodes of the original Bewitched TV series were actually filmed on location in Salem. I wonder if what the prescription is for that. Of the 20 people executed during the trials, six of them were men: Giles Corey, George Burroughs, George Jacobs Sr., John Proctor, John Willard, and Samuel Wardwell Sr. John Proctor was the first man accused of witchcraft. Check out the top history lists on the internet all in one place. The Multitude of Salem Witch Trials Descendants. New England Historical Society. Which, yes, is a little ironic. Norman Rockwell, the famous painter and illustrator who created the cover illustrations for The Saturday Evening Post magazine for nearly five decades, was a descendant of Esther Dutch Elwell, accused of wickedly and feloniously sundry acts of witchcraft upon the body of Mrs. Mary Fiche.. However, no one ever embodied the concept of a witch as previously described. the devil's army against the Puritans, probably in an effort to protect herself from certain conviction by serving as an informant. This series of prosecutions and hangings of those accused of practicing witchcraft provoked a major backlash, and the event still haunts us today. 7 Facts About The Salem Witch Trials - 7 Strange Things Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. 10 Astonishing And Tragic Facts Of 17th-Century Salem The Salem Witch Trials: A Story of Patriarchy, Persecution and Misogyny Because of Philip Englishs wealth, he was allowed his freedom during the day and could rent rooms in the home of his jailer for himself, his wife, and daughter. Descendants of the Salem community have made constant efforts to clear the names of those ancestors and relatives who were falsely accused and convicted back in the 1690s, with some being officially recognized as innocent by the Massachusetts government as recently as the beginning of the 21st-century. In January of 1692, the daughter and niece of Reverend Samuel Parris of Salem Village became ill. William Griggs, the village doctor, was called in when they failed to improve. What Were The Results Of The Salem Witch Trials Of 1692 Although Massachusetts has given up its fight against witchcraft, there are still places in the world where witchcraft is legitimately feared by the public, sometimes even leading to real modern day witch hunts. Parris had shrewdly negotiated his contract with the congregation, but relatively early in his tenure he sought greater compensation, including ownership of the parsonage, which did not sit well with many members of the congregation.